Graduation ceremonies are a tradition that dates back to the first high schools and universities. While many aspects of graduation ceremonies have evolved over the years, the graduation cap has remained a hallmark of such ceremonies.

Graduation caps are one of the most visible aspects of graduation dress. Many scholars believe the mortarboard-style cap graduates don was developed from the biretta, a similar-looking Italian hat worn by

Roman Catholic clergy. In the 12th and 13th centuries, students and teachers typically wore clerical clothing because the church was highlyinfluential at this time. Medieval universities helped inspire academic dress, including the familiar graduation cap.

Mortarboards are shaped like a square, perhaps to give them a scholarly appearance like a book or to represent the shape of a quad on the campus of England’s Oxford University, where many graduation dress customs are believed to have originated. Others theorize that the mortarboard, which is named after the flat board used by bricklayers, masons and plasterers, represents the skill of a master workman.

Many graduation caps were initially black or gray. According to the graduation information site

While certain educational degrees or honors warrant different styles of gown, cowls and hoods, mortarboard caps are relatively standard. In addition to the cap, there is a single button at the top. Tassels hang from these buttons. At commencement, tassels are traditionally worn on the right side of the cap and then moved to the left once graduates receive their diplomas.

Graduation caps are part of the larger scope of academic dress that comprises school traditions. Millions of graduates across the globe will don their caps and toss them into the air later in celebration of their hard work.